Seminarium "Teoria cząstek elementarnych i kosmologia"

After the formulation of lattice gauge theories in 1970s, it has gained a renewed interest in recent years due to – (a) recently developing tensor network techniques to efficiently solve lattice problems, and (b) the possibilities of experimental realization / quantum simulation of high-energy physics in table-top experiments using ultra-cold atoms. In this talk, first I will introduce the field of lattice gauge theories from the perspective of ultra-cold atomic physics, and mention some experimental breakthroughs regarding their quantum simulation. Then I will present our results on out-of-equilibrium dynamics of a particular gauge theory with bosonic matter, where we drive the vacuum of a relativistic theory of bosons coupled to a U(1) gauge field in 1+1 dimensions (bosonic Schwinger model) by creating a spatially separated particle-antiparticle pair connected by a string of electric field. During the evolution, we observe a strong confinement of the bosons witnessed by the bending of their light cone. As a consequence, for the time scales we are able to simulate, the system evades thermalization and generates exotic asymptotic states. These states are made of two disjoint regions, an external deconfined region that seems to thermalize, and an inner core that reveals an area-law saturation of the entanglement entropy.
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/86031056161?pwd=aXRLTnpPSk1JUVdOWVZ1N3QrZE5zdz09